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Stroke is the most common neurological disease worldwide and the third leading cause of death, after heart disease and cancer. In the United States in 2001, 163,538 deaths were attributed to stroke, a rate of 60.8 per 100,000 population. Of those who survive, 40% may be permanently disabled and 10% may require costly long-term care. Stroke risk increases with age, with two-thirds of all strokes occurring in people older than age 65 years. As the U.S. population ages, stroke will become a major medical and economic burden on society's health care system. Despite recent progress in understanding stroke mechanisms, stroke management remains sub-optimal. Currently, the majority of hospital emergency departments use two primary diagnostic modalities to distinguish ischemic from hemorrhagic stroke: computer tomography (CT) and, to a lesser extent, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Although effective, each of these imaging techniques is burdened by high costs. In addition, the procedures must be performed by trained technicians, and the results interpreted by neuroradiologists. Such limitations reduce the scope of use. Other laboratory blood tests (glucose, coagulation, lipid) most frequently used in the emergency department confirm stroke by exclusion. However, because stroke symptoms are similar to those of many neurological disorders, diagnosis by exclusion presents a risk of misdiagnosis to both patients and hospitals. Stroke, or "brain attack" is a life-threatening medical emergency. In the knowledge that "Time is Brain", CIS Biotech's discoveries are now leading to products and tests for crucial timely identification and treatment of stroke. In CIS Biotech Principals' scientific research, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) markers were found to provide real-time evidence of neurotoxicity underlying cerebral ischemia. On the basis of molecular investigations, NR2 peptide and antibodies have been proposed as new markers for TIA and stroke. Following an acute ischemic event, high levels of NMDAR fragments are immediately released into the circulation via the damaged blood-brain barrier. This then triggers a rapid immune response, resulting in a dramatic increase in NR2 antibody concentrations. Both NR2 peptide and antibodies reflect the intensity of cerebral ischemia and may be detected in the blood. CIS Biotech's Neuro Test Kits, Gold Dot 1 and Gold Dot 2, now available, are the result of decades of scientific research and discovery. CIS Biotech, Inc., | 1755 Logans Knoll, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA | (1) (404).499.0303 | info@cisbiotech.com